In the context of the explosion of the 4.0 industrial revolution, digital transformation has become an inevitable trend of economic sectors, in which the accounting sector plays an important role in updating information and ensuring the transparency of financial reports. The explosion of technologies such as Blockchain, cloud computing, IoT, Big Data and artificial intelligence has been creating opportunities as well as challenges for the modern accounting sector. Vietnam, with the strategy of "National digital transformation to 2025 - orientation to 2030", has set the goal of developing digital infrastructure, narrowing the digital gap and modernizing the operations of agencies and businesses, including the accounting sector. In that context, this article analyzes the factors affecting the digital transformation process in the accounting sector in Vietnam, from internal factors such as: technological capacity, management awareness, human resources or external factors such as State policies, organizational size and digital infrastructure. In addition, the article will also point out the opportunities that digital transformation brings to the accounting sector as well as the challenges that need to be overcome, thereby building practical recommendations for agencies, businesses and managers. The data in the article and the survey data cited from previous studies as well as the empirical questionnaire serve as the theoretical and empirical basis for this article.